Na none, plastike yerekanye ko igaragara hose mu nyanja.Yibira mu nsi ya Mariana, bivugwa ko yageze kuri metero 35.849, umucuruzi wa Dallas, Victor Vescovo, yatangaje ko yabonye igikapu cya plastiki.Ntabwo aribwo bwa mbere: ni ku nshuro ya gatatu plastiki ibonetse mu gice kinini cy'inyanja.
Ku ya 28 Mata, Vescovo yibira mu bwogero mu rwego rwo kuzenguruka “Ubujyakuzimu butanu”, bukubiyemo urugendo rugana mu bice byimbitse by'inyanja y'isi.Mu masaha ane ya Vescovo hepfo y’umwobo wa Mariana, yabonye ubwoko butandukanye bw’ubuzima bwo mu nyanja, bumwe muri bwo bukaba bushobora kuba ubwoko bushya - umufuka wa pulasitike hamwe n’ibipfunyika bya bombo.
Bake bageze kuri ubujyakuzimu bukabije.Injeniyeri w’Ubusuwisi Jacques Piccard na Lieutenant Don Walsh w’ingabo z’Amerika zirwanira mu mazi ni bo babaye aba mbere mu 1960. Umushakashatsi w’igihugu cya Geografiya akaba n'umukinnyi wa filime James Cameron yarohamye mu nyanja y’inyanja mu mwaka wa 2012. Cameron yafashe amajwi yibira mu burebure bwa metero 35,787, hafi ya metero 62. ko Vescovo yavuze ko yageze.
Bitandukanye n'abantu, plastike igwa byoroshye.Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye amphipods yavuye mu myobo itandatu yo mu nyanja, harimo na Marianas, isanga bose bariye mikorobe.
Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu Kwakira 2018 bwerekanye plastiki izwi cyane - igikapu cyo guhaha cyoroshye - yasanze metero 36.000 zimbitse mu mwobo wa Mariana.Abahanga bavumbuye mu gusuzuma Ububiko bw'inyanja ya Debris, bugizwe n'amafoto na videwo yo kwibira 5.010 mu myaka 30 ishize.
Mu myanda yatondekanye yanditswe muri data base, plastike niyo ikunze kugaragara, hamwe n’imifuka ya pulasitike cyane cyane niyo soko nini y’imyanda ya plastike.Ibindi bisigazwa byari bivuye mu bikoresho nka reberi, ibyuma, ibiti n'imyenda.
Kugera kuri 89% bya plastiki mubushakashatsi byakoreshejwe rimwe, ibikoreshwa rimwe hanyuma bikajugunywa kure, nk'amacupa y'amazi ya plastike cyangwa ibikoresho byo kumeza.
Umuyoboro wa Mariana ntabwo ari urwobo rutagira ubuzima, rufite abaturage benshi.NOAA Okeanos Explorer yakoze ubushakashatsi ku burebure bw'akarere mu 2016 maze ivumbura ubuzima butandukanye, harimo amoko nka korali, jellyfish na octopus.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2018 bwagaragaje kandi ko 17 ku ijana by’amashusho ya pulasitike yanditswe mu bubiko bwerekanaga imikoranire runaka n’ubuzima bwo mu nyanja, nk’inyamaswa zishira mu myanda.
Gukoresha plastike imwe gusa irahari hose kandi irashobora gufata imyaka amagana cyangwa irenga kugirango ibore mwishyamba.Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri Gashyantare 2017 bubitangaza, mu turere tumwe na tumwe umwanda w’umwanda uri mu turere tumwe na tumwe ugereranije n’inzuzi zanduye cyane mu Bushinwa.Abanditsi b'ubwo bushakashatsi bavuga ko umwanda wanduye mu mwobo ushobora kuza igice kiva muri plastiki mu nkingi y'amazi.
Ibinyomoro (umutuku), eel na jock crab basanga ahantu hafi ya hydrothermal vent.(Wige kubyerekeye inyamaswa zidasanzwe zo mu nyanja ya pasifika ya hydrothermal nini cyane.)
Mu gihe plastiki ishobora kwinjira mu nyanja mu buryo butaziguye, nk'imyanda yaturitse ku nkombe cyangwa ikajugunywa mu bwato, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu 2017 bwerekanye ko inyinshi muri zo zinjira mu nyanja ziva mu nzuzi 10 zinyura mu gutura abantu.
Ibikoresho byo kuroba byatawe nabyo ni isoko nyamukuru y’umwanda uhumanya plastike, ubushakashatsi bwashyizwe ahagaragara muri Werurwe 2018 bwerekana ko ibyo bikoresho bigize igice kinini cy’imyanda nini ya Texas nini nini ya Texas ireremba hagati ya Hawaii na California.
Nubwo bigaragara ko mu nyanja hari plastike nyinshi cyane kuruta iyo mu mufuka umwe wa pulasitike, icyo kintu cyahindutse kuva mu mvugo ngereranyo ititaye ku muyaga uhinduka urugero rw’ukuntu abantu bigira ingaruka ku isi.
© 2015-2022 National Geographic Partners, LLC.Uburenganzira bwose burabitswe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-30-2022